Warm the butter & milk in a small saucepan or in the microwave until the butter is just melted and the mixture is warm throughout.
In the bowl of a stand mixer, combine the foamy starter, egg, & vanilla sugar, then beat together with the paddle attachment on low, until smooth. With the stand mixer still on low, stir in the milk mixture until incorporated.
Next, in a separate bowl, combine and fork stir the flour, cinnamon & salt. Add to the mixer bowl and beat into the wet ingredients at medium speed. Continue mixing until a basic dough is formed, about 1 minute. Scrape down the bowl and paddle attachment. Cover the bowl with a damp tea towel and let the dough rest for 30 minutes.
After resting, replace the paddle with your dough hook. Knead the dough for 6-8 minutes on low speed. The dough will start off very sticky, and after kneading it will remain tacky, but should pull away from the bowl easily. If you find that this is not the case, add two or three tablespoons of AP flour and continue to knead.
Next, generously butter a medium sized mixing bowl. Scrape the dough off the dough hook and transfer to the bowl. Cover with a damp tea towel and again, rest for 30 minutes.
After this second resting, you will need to fold the dough. Grab one side of the dough in the bowl, stretch, and fold across to the center of the dough. Repeat on all four sides of the dough, stretching and pushing into the center. Turn the bowl as you go. This will help align the glutens in the dough, making it more silky.
Cover once finished, and let the dough rest at room temperature for 8-12 hours (I like to do this overnight), or until it has just about doubled in size.
After a good long ‘bulk rest’, you should have a soft and pliable dough.